What is the main characteristic of a centrifugal pump?

The main characteristic of a centrifugal pump is that it uses a rotating mechanism to move fluid. Centrifugal pumps operate based on the principle of converting rotational energy, usually from an electric motor or engine, into hydrodynamic energy. As the impeller rotates, it imparts kinetic energy to the fluid, causing it to move outward and increase both its velocity and pressure. This design is particularly effective for transferring liquids over a range of flow levels, making it versatile for various applications.

The other options hint at features that are not characteristic of centrifugal pumps. While fixed discharge pressure is a feature of certain systems or applications, centrifugal pumps primarily rely on the rotational motion. They are generally suitable for a wide range of flow rates, not just low-flow applications. Additionally, centrifugal pumps can operate efficiently at various pressures, not limited to low pressure; in fact, they are often used in high-pressure systems. Understanding this rotating mechanism is crucial for grasping how centrifugal pumps function effectively in fluid transport systems.